Browsing by Author "MUHAMMAD ALI"

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    An evaluation of assessment tools for secondary level english language classes of all bises of punjab:
    (UMT Lahore, 2017) MUHAMMAD ALI
    The present study aims to investigate the quality of the assessment tools of English administered by BISEs in Punjab for the award of Secondary School Certificate. These assessment tools serve as sole criteria to assess the learning of the students, therefore, their quality affects the quality of learning of the students and they have potential wash back effect on the system of education. A mixed method research design was adopted in the present study. The English language assessment tools for secondary classes of all BISEs of Punjab were evaluated with reference to the levels of cognitive domain of Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy. Three raters rated the test items of these assessment tools using a rubric based on action words for each level of cognitive domain with the help of frequency tables. The consolidated data was analyzed for determining inter-rater reliability and frequency distribution along with frequency percentage. The analysis of the data revealed that most of the test items of the assessment tools were based on lower order thinking abilities and skills. The study could be beneficial for the improvement of assessment tools of English language for secondary classes of BISEs which, in turn, may lead to the improvement of the learning of the students and the education system at larg.
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    Design & implementation of solar charger with cascade dc to dc convertor & harmonics filter
    (UMT.Lahore, 2016) MUHAMMAD ALI; ZOHAIB AFZAL; ABAID ULLAH ANWAR; FAREED
    Design and Implementation of Solar Charger with Cascaded DC to DC convertor & Harmonics filter”. As it can be understood from the title that we are using solar cells for the charging of our batteries and then utilize it for running our equipment’s. The defect in the today’s system of the solar chargers is that they are low in efficiency and quality of the output we need to charge the batteries is not so high. It has ripples in it and the voltages are not stable, because the voltages are directly proportional to the sunlight intensity. when the sunlight is at its peak the voltages from the output of the solar panel will be very high and when the sun is going to be set in or on the rising time the sunlight intensity will be very low resulting the output of the solar panel very low, which is not acceptable. we need more stable voltages for better efficiency of our system. The other thing is the system harmonics which we need to minimize as low as possible. So we have designed a charger to meet all these needs which has the functionality of voltage stability and which has almost negligible harmonics. We have used cascaded DC to DC convertors with programed MOSFET which will stabilize the voltage level and then on the final output a harmonics filter is installed to minimize the harmonics. This will result in more efficient solar charger with more stabilized power output and reduced harmonics.
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    Post-Merger Prospects of Perpetual Peace in Newly Merged Districts (NMDs) - Erstwhile FATAs From Human Security Perspective
    (UMT.lahore, 2022-08) MUHAMMAD ALI
    The FATA (Federally Administered Tribal Areas) in northwest Islamic Republic of Pakistan have witnessed an unprecedented prolonged conflict, which have severely damaged the security and social fabric of the tribal society with a death toll exceeding over 0.13 Million. In 2018, these tribal Areas were merged with the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in a struggle to standardize the region and recover the peace. This thesis investigates the areas that, after 2018, came to be known as the NMDs (Newly Merged Tribal Districts). This thesis looks at the social, economic, and political situation of this NMDs and how people's sense of security has been affected. This thesis focuses on human centered security approach in order to bring out people's feelings of security both during and after violent conflict, the reconstruction of NMDs in a post FATA-KPK merger security environment influenced by a plethora of elements disrupting the peace process in NMDs with an intent to contribute towards a perpetual peace acquisition for the oppressed people of NMDs living amid the chaos between guns, cap and beret consequential to the two and half decades old unsolicited state of conflict in the area as an aftermath of U.S. invasion of Afghanistan since 2001.