Browsing by Author "MISBAH ANWAR"

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    Seroprevalence of covid-19 at chakwal and islamabad
    (UMT, Lhr, 2021) MISBAH ANWAR
    It is important to understand the rate of COVID-19 infections in various population to estimate the infection rate and number of people infected. The objective of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of COVID-19 in two cities i.e., Islamabad and Chakwal and to determine the factors affecting the IgG antibodies titer. The study design was prospective cross sectional and conducted from June 2020 to October 2020. A questionnaire was developed to collect information about socio demographic factors like gender, education, occupation, age, and previous history of malaria. The BCG vaccination was checked by observing the scar on upper arm. Blood sample was taken from all participants and tested to measure Anti-SARS-CoV- 2 IgG level using Elecsys Anti-SARS-COV-2 immunoassay (Roche) was used. Data were entered in an Excel sheet and analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 26.0 and Graph Pad Prism version.9.0.0. From both cities a total of 347 individuals were enrolled, 179 from Chakwal and 169 from Islamabad. Overall, 79 (22.8%) were seropositive and the rate of seropositivity was higher in Islamabad (37.1%) than in Chakwal (9.5%). The seropositivity was found higher in those having direct contact with COVID-19 patients (35.6%), showed COVID-19 symptoms (38.8%), and had a positive COVID-19 RT-PCR (82.9%). The analysis of the immune response against SARS-COV-2 showed that the antibody titer was significantly high among males, those who reported the presence of COVID-19 related symptoms, and BCG vaccination. The high seroprevalence was found in the Capital city i.e. Islamabad of Pakistan. The study showed a significant difference of seroprevalence of COVID-19 in two cities of Pakistan with different demography and exposure risk indicating potential risk of disease spread in far flung areas.