Browsing by Author "M. Saleem Altaf"

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    Probing psyche and personality in the scarlet letter
    (UMT, Lahore, 2019) M. Saleem Altaf
    The dissertation aims at exploring The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne through the lens of Psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud. This novel has always been a celebrated work of literature. It contains various themes related to daily lives of the readers as depicted by the characters within the novel. The novel by Hawthorne has potential of generating multiple meaning. The psychoanalytic theory proposed by Sigmund Freud claims that human mind is a very complex phenomenon. It has the potential of examining human mind and psyche under various conditions. Those conditions are found under the novel as research suggests. The research examines the psyche and mentality of the main characters of the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The research focuses on the changing psyche and personality of the main characters of the novel like Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale and Roger Chillingworth. The research examines the novel with in-depth details and incidents that show the changing psyche or personality of the characters. Sigmund Freud also talks about the different states of mind that are conscious and unconscious or subconscious part of human mind. The researcher describes the characters of the novel with respect to their changing mind that lead to their changing psyche. The researcher applies the psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud on the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The researcher discusses Freudian model of psyche that contains id, ego and superego. The researcher applies these modes of psyche or human personality on the characters of the novel and tells about their changing psyche and personalities with the help of comments of critics and references from the novel.