Browsing by Author "JAVED IQBAL"

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    development of a training program to reduce the newly inducted head teachers’ anxiety at secondary school level
    (UMT.Lahore, 2013) JAVED IQBAL
    This study was conducted for the development of a training program to reduce the newly inducted head teachers’ anxiety at secondary school level in Pakistan. The anxiety is the state which affects the performance of the school heads. The purpose of this study was to develop the anxiety reduction program for the newly inducted secondary school heads. The researcher conducted the study by applying pre-test post-test experimental research design. A total of 30 newly inducted secondary school heads (17 male heads and 13 female heads at secondary school level) were selected from public sector Institutes of district Bhakkar. Likert-type questionnaire to measure the level of anxiety was circulated among the newly inducted secondary school heads as pre-test and post-test. The questionnaire comprised of 30-items and was adapted from three standardized major anxiety measuring scales namely (1) The Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ-1990) developed to assess whether an individual experiences difficult to control, excessive, and frequent worry (Meyer, Miller, 1990) (2) The State Trait Inventory (STAT-1970) measuring the current anxiety level of the individual (Spielberger-1970) and (3) The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) measuring the anxiety experiences of an individual . Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques such as means, standard deviation and t-test were used to analyze the collected data. After careful data analysis, the researcher concluded that there is no significant difference between the levels of anxiety of the newly inducted head teachers at secondary school level. The secondary school heads showed their high level of anxiety at pre-test. It was also found that the anxiety level was reduced to a certain extent after giving the treatment to the newly inducted heads of the secondary schools. At the end useful suggestions and recommendations were presented for upcoming research studies.
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    Effectiveness of audio visual aids at secondary level in schools of Lahore
    (UMT, Lahore, 2002) JAVED IQBAL
    The primary purpose of the study was to determine the range of teachers' view points about the effectiveness of audio-visual aids and their status in the schools of Lahore. The scope of the study was limited to all the secondary school teachers who have been working in different male and female high schools of Lahore Cant. Two general and seventeen specific hypotheses were framed and for their analysis seventeen questions were developed to focus on these hypotheses. The population of the study was consisted of 102 govt., high schools both female and male. Stratified random sampling was used and 10 schools were selected to adminster questionnaire. In these ten high schools one hundred teachers were given with questionnaire to know the actual status of A.V. aids in these and how teachers use these aids in their teaching. In the responses of the teachers to the questionnaire. It was found that there was no significant difference in the opinions of more qualified, less qualified, less experienced, more experienced, professional, non professional, English and Urdu medium school teachers. In the item analysis it was found that only some of the A.V. aids out of vast variety of A.V. aids were used even in the advance city of Lahore. Reasons for not using A.V. aids included shortage of time, corwdness in the classes and length of the courses of study. A.V. aids were mostly used in science subjects. All the teachers realized that A.V. aids were essentied for teaching learning process. One third of our teachers did not prepared low-cost material because of lack of facilities. Mostly teachers prepared charts, picture and slides. Sometimes they also prepared models with the corporation of students. No provision of funds was the main reasons for not preparing A.V eiids. The teacher, however, were of the view by proper use al most all the teaching learning activities become effective. Teachers felt that A.V. aids were less needed in arts subjects. Chalk and talk method was the most used method in our schools. Teachers thought that A.V. aids made teaching convenient. It was also found that teachers had no access to the services of technical staff or support in case problem arises