Browsing by Author "Bisma Ali"

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    Isolation, identification and characterization of extremophile bacteria from restaurants area at lahore
    (UMT Lahore, 2025-08-22) Ayesha Ahmed; Bisma Ali; Haleema Sadia; Mamona Imran
    This study investigated microbial contamination on dining surfaces across various restaurants in Lahore, Pakistan, with the focus on bacterial survival under extreme alkaline conditions (pH >9). Recognizing that alkaline cleaning agents are commonly used in food service environment, we aim to identify microorganisms capable of persisting in these harsh conditions causing potential public health risks. Samples were systematically collected from high contact surfaces in 30 restaurants representing diverse socio-economical setting. Using sterile swabbing techniques, specimens were cultured on nutrient agar and sub-cultured at incrementally increasing pH levels (7-10) to isolate alkali tolerant strain. The isolated bacteria underwent comprehensive characterization through gram staining, biochemical profiling and 16S RNA sequencing. Results identified Enterobacter bugandenesis as a dominant specie (96.12% genetic similarity), demonstrating remarkable adaptability to alkaline environment. Microscopic analysis revealed gram negative, non-acid fast rods, while genomic characterization highlighted concerning multi-drug resistant trait, include carbapenemase genes. Protein modeling of key virulence factors (T6SS secretion system, ChuA iron acquisition protein) provided structural insights into the bacterium pathogenicity. By targeting these pathogenic proteins by their specific ligands Ilomastat and Mn (III) protoporphyrin IX respectively to inhibit their activity so that they can not cause infection. This research provides a framework for improving hygiene standards in Pakistan’s growing restaurant industry and offers insights applicable to similar urban food service environments globally.