Browsing by Author "Bilal Ahmad"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    An analysis of the judiciary-legislature relationship in the light of practice and procedure act 2023
    (UMT.Lahore, 2024) Bilal Ahmad; Nimra; Khazaima Ahsan
    Pakistan's judicial and legislative branches have long been involved in the juridical struggle and institutional autonomy from each other, which is characterized by a constitutional crisis. In 2023, both institutions again came at loggerheads against each other, which eventually led to the enactment of the Practice and Procedure Act. This research paper seeks to understand the institutional design, norms, and identity of each organ of the state under the theoretical framework of Constructivism. This theoretical framework allows us to conceptualize each institution, its behavior, and its implications for the larger scheme of jurisdictional competition. The constructivist analysis of the Practice and Procedure Act 2023’s constitutional norms is made to understand its potential to bring institutionality within the judiciary and office of the Chief Justice of Pakistan and its implications for the relationship between Parliament. The new constitutional norms and ideas articulated in the Act seek to end habitual practices of judicial activism and disregard for Parliamentary sovereignty. Furthermore, this research study aims to offer a contextual and ideational understanding of the institutions, their formation, and operation, such as the emergence of proactive and vigilant courts, explain the tendencies of the Chief Justices of Pakistan to be involved in judicial authoritarianism and populism leading to jurisdictional competition among the institutions. In addition, this study seeks to understand the role of ideas and constitutional norms in transforming an institution’s working and functioning within the scheme of separation of power. It holds that the Practice and Procedure Act 2023 has the potential to bring change in the institution by introducing new constitutional norms, which will eventually become institutionalized, routinized, and practiced. Key words: Practice and Procedure Act 2023, Judicial review power, Judicial Independence, Parliamentary Sovereignty Parliament-Judiciary relationship, jurisdictional competition, and judicial resistance, constitutional norms and values.
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    Cgen z
    (UMT.Lahore, 2016) Musharaf Islam; Ameer Hamzah; Bilal Ahmad; Hassam Raza
    The first ever thing that we encountered when we started our degree was problem solving. And since then problem solving has been the whole crux of the thing. Although the problem with problem solving is that not everyone who can solve a problem can translate it into code. This the problem that every other person has faced in some step of this process. We saw the problem and took it as a challenge to solve it, or improve the efficiency of logic to code generation. There are numerous projects that are being carried out in the world related to this. But there has been no promising outcome. Our work shows that it is possible for us to create that concrete and promising. Although the difficulty that we faced throughout the whole process of making a tool like this was that there is no formal pseudocode for anyone to write. Hence a pseudocode was designed to meet the requirements of the general public. A language that is easy to use and easy to write. Putting it into solid words, our problem is to create a bridge between logic building and code writing. Because everyone can have a certain logic to solve a certain problem, but when they try and code that problem, then things go south. Our scope of this was to handle three types of coding sequences, sequential, conditional, and iterative. This was used to limit our scope because we had a limited amount of time. To know what kind of pseudocode people write, we went to different universities (this included our university too) and we conducted surveys to know and understand the different types of pseudocodes people write. And from that we extracted the most common way of writing a pseudocode. Once we understood that, the only thing left to do was to identify the building blocks of our language from the conducted surveys. After a month or two of this hard work, we had a language, we had the guidance to generate something that will be helpful to the student and researcher community. Our end product was satisfying. We had made a tool that code take pseudocode as an input and generate a C++ corresponding code. So according to us if a person knows how to solve a problem and put the solution in simple words, our tool can generate the corresponding code for it. Our tool helps in pure logic building, efficient and error free code generation, accelerated learning of the C++ language.
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    EXPLORING ASYMMETRIC CONFIGURATIONS OF KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVER FOR ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM IN FITNESS INDUSTRY
    (UMT, Lahore, 2017) Bilal Ahmad
    Knowledge spillovers are considered an important factor in innovation and entrepreneurial activity in the context of geographic proximity and industrial parameters, leading to the popularity of knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship. However, the literature lacks the comprehension regarding the role of knowledge spillovers in promoting entrepreneurial ecosystem. These concepts have thoroughly been discussed in literature but separately and with little attention to their interrelationship. On one hand, the aforementioned theory focuses more on individual’s entrepreneurial prowess and lacks ecosystem perspective as well as the plausibility for service sector and developing economies, and on the other, all the existing models of entrepreneurial ecosystems have not considered knowledge spillovers a contributing factor. Hence, the purpose of this study is to explore the interrelationship of knowledge spillover and entrepreneurial ecosystem through the lens of fitness industry.
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    Hybrid solar inverter
    (UMT Lahore, 2022-05) Bilal Ahmad; Bilal Hassan
    Using fossil fuels for energy is harmful to the environment and eventually reduces the conservation of available natural resources. The utilization of renewable resources for conserving the resources and climate is an effective strategy. Solar energy is the most common form of renewable energy. The project explains the construction and design of the hybrid solar inverters. The inverter is an energy-efficient, low-cost, and practical design for combining the solar inverter and battery charger in a single unit. The hybrid inverter with specific voltage categorizations, battery consumption, and optimal battery state is designed in the project. The switching pattern, power to critical load efficiency, safety, protection, and weather conditions are briefly studied to complete the task effectively.
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    Intelligent digital twin to make robot learn the assembly process by Deep Learning
    (UMT, Lahore, 2020) Bilal Ahmad
    The fundamental objective of this thesis is to make an intelligent digital twin through deep learning for operational support of a human-robot assembly station. Digital twin, as a virtual portrayal referring to a product or system, is used for the purpose of designing, simulating and optimizing the complexity of the system under observation. For testing purposes, convolutional neural network (CNN) are integrated with a digital twin. It is used for application of a collaborative robot for an assembly application. Collaborative robots are a new form of industrial robots that are safe for humans and can work alongside humans and have received ample attraction in the recent past years for automation of simple to complex tasks. Artificial intelligence can enable us to couple the effects of machine learning and data analytics to establish a digital twin covering the whole of the lifecycle of a manufacturing system; and probe, sense and respond to its behavior. One solution that can come out of this is an adaptive behavior of robot when interacting with humans and intelligently generating robot program to perform a task. However, in a factory environment there can be a large variety of components that robot may need to handle. For the experimentation, it is exemplified with LEGO elements. The data is collected from Kaggle, where data in the imagery structure is presented. A corresponding model is developed for the purpose of classification of LEGO construction elements and attain a recognition accuracy of at least 90 percent. Significant computing power is required in the case of LEGO elements to achieve a satisfactory proficient of distinguishing in a neural network. An optimal solution is achieved by restraining the distinguishable classes up to 16. Then in Tecnomatix Process Simulate software, which is a simulation software, a digital twin of the collaborative robot was generated and was programed for assembly tasks after classification model. The data synchronization with a digital twin and an automated generation of robot program is the core developments of this thesis. This thesis aims to: ix a. Develop a digital twin (DT) of a physical robotic assembly station b. Generate robot actions in the digital twin to assemble LEGO elements c. Develop a deep learning algorithm (DLA) to learn LEGO elements d. Synchronize DLA with the DT to automatically generate assembly sequence
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    Redevelopment of gatwala park Faisalabad
    (UMT,Lahore, 2022) Bilal Ahmad
    In this world, visiting Amusement Park has turned into a famous metropolitan relaxation movement, and the amusement park is often used to project a healthy image of urban tourism. An Amusement Park is an innovative nursery that is worked to fulfill the differentiated diversion need of the vacationer and the arrangement of an advanced traveler location of arranging exercises. The Amusement Park is focused on families with little youngsters through to teens and is regularly altogether inside or related with a bigger activity, for example, an amusement park. The best place for this is to spend your time with your family or friends and live near the nature. That’s the best healer in the world. It is the natural physical response of your body and important for you. With this you become more productive. Individuals are going like Modern; they have no space for social cooperation. As an Architect I need to revive this kind of venture.
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    Robotic paint booth for auto industry
    (UMT.Lahore, 2017) Bilal Ahmad; Roshaan Saqib; Mohammad Mustafa Mirza; Atta Ul Mohsin Lali
    This report talks about the robotic arm paint booth system particularly their effects on different paint industries. Acrylic arm is used by us as robotic arm consisting of two different parts the upper part rotates at 180 degrees while the lower part rotates at 360 degrees. Robotic arm minimizes waste and interior free from paint drops as it follows targeted painting. Water paints are used by us for this project as it is more easy to use & practically possible on this level it is not that complex as compared to other paints like oil or electrolytic painting. Ultrasonic sensor is used for position allocation of the desired object which we are going to get painted which improves spray paint efficiency and quality.
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