2019

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Disaggregated GDP and Carbon Emissions – Testing Nonlinearity for Selected HDR Listed Countries
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Mubasher Iqbal
The environmental deteriorating problem is worldwide; in this regard economic activities are to blame. This situation of environmental degradation can be more communicated with the help of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). This idea of EKC presents, at the initial phase of economic activities caused to create environmental problem but after a specific level it become mature and turn into environment friendly. This study aims to explore the existence of EKC, with respect to three categories; industrial, agricultural and services. Not only this control variables like urbanization, population density, forests square area and globalization also regressed to formulate the suitable policies to protect the environment. For this purpose the sample is selected on the basis of Human Development Index (HDI). The basic statistical techniques like descriptive statistics, correlation and unit root test are used to express the features of data. For the sake of regression analysis Feasible Generalized Least square (FGLS) method is used as estimation technique. So, the estimated results are confirming the existence of all three types of EKCs in selected HDR countries moreover the control variables are also caused to affect the environment and caused to increase carbon dioxide emissions.