2022

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Browsing 2022 by Author "MUHAMMAD USMAN BUTT"

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    Synthesis and characterization of flexible AL-doped SnO2 based paper electrode for perovskite solar cell application
    (UMT, Lahore, 2022) MUHAMMAD USMAN BUTT
    Firstly, Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were disclosed merely in 2012 but their tremendously fast development has reached an efficiency of confirmed 22% presently. PSCs are low-cost and easy to develop than Silicon based solar cells and they can respond to many wavelengths of electromagnetic spectrum which helps them transform more light into electricity. The performance and stability of PSCs are mainly reliant on the Electron transport layer (ETL) material. Lignocellulose (LC) is an abundant, environmentally friendly and a biodegradable fiber. In this research work, LC fiber is used as a substrate instead of glass substrate due to its flexibility and better sustainability. For Electron transport layer materials in PSCs, several semiconductors can be utilized. In this research article, SnO2 is used as an Electron transport layer material because of its low temperature fabrication and wider bandgap. Overall, SnO2 exhibits great optical transparency, chemical stability, conductivity and electron mobility which display its good photovoltaic properties. Aluminium was added into SnO2 as a dopant for the thin film enhancement and for the improved Power conversion efficiency (PCE). Al-doped SnO2 proposes a fine surface coverage of thin films and enhances the conductivity of ETLs which results in the better performance of the PSCs. Different Characterization techniques such as X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) were used to characterize the synthesized material. The results display that the conductivity of Al-SnO2 increased as the bandgap reduced due to Al-doping and inclusion of LC fiber. Therefore Al-doped SnO2 constituting ETL prepared at low temperature display an enhanced charge transport than that of undoped-SnO2. Hence, Al-doped SnO2 is a favorable contender for ETLs used in PSCs which gives high Power conversion efficiency and stabilization.