Department of Social Sciences

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https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/668

Department of Social Sciences was established in 2008 in the School of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) at UMT. The idea behind the launch of DSS was to cater to the needs of participants who have a keen interest in joining this realm of knowledge.

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Exploring the Perception, Experiences and Challenges of Private College Teachers Involved In Continuous Professional Development in Punjab, Pakistan
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Naveed, Asif
Continuous professional development (CPD) of teachers has increased much fame over the globe. The instructor teachers confront various issues and issues in various measurements. This examination investigated the issues looked by teachers of private colleges of locale in execution of Continuous Professional Development (CPD) framework in area of district Sahiwal Punjab, Pakistan. The exploration was subjective in nature. Six teachers were purposively chosen who were teaching in private colleges and ready to take an interest in the investigation of urban areas of targeted population. Information were gathered through a semi-structured interview convention, one each for every teacher. Information were gathered by utilizing balanced way to deal with lead interviews of the members in summer, 2018. The information was breaking down by utilizing thematic analysis of the interviews. The study uncovered that teachers confront numerous issues in executing the CPD framework. The key ones include: disobliging conduct of instructors, money related issues, absence of time and offices, poor foundation, work stack, poor administration process, and nonappearance of motivational systems in addition to lack of learning. The investigation recommends that the strategy creators and administrators should address these issues and issues by including instructors occupied with this activity keeping in mind the end goal to adequately execute CPD framework in private colleges of Punjab, Pakistan
Investigation of the Organizational Injustice as an Accelerator for Counterproductive Work Behavior: (a case of public health sector of district sahiwal)
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Kosar, Ambrin
The current investigation had been conducted to investigate the causes of counterproductive work behaviour in public sector hospitals of district Sahiwal. For attaining the purpose qualitative inquiry was done with semi-structured interviews as the instrument of the study. The initial of 10 participants were chosen and invited to attend interviews sessions but after 5 interviews saturation occurred and further data collection stopped. Interview recordings were transcribed and themes generated from the codes, categories and sub-categories of narrations. The findings depicted that the main reasons of counterproductive work behavior among the nurses were favoritism and among doctors were the organizational injustices including lack of material and financial resources provided in their hospitals and provided to them as their compensations. It had been recommended to government to spend more GDP on health sector and improve the conditions of public health organizations with updated and fine machineries while further researchers are suggested to conduct similar study with mixed method approach so as to generalize the findings of the study.
A Comparative Study of Working and Non-Working Mothers about the Academic and Social Adjustment of Their Children in South Punjab
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Benish Tanveer
Abstract The study was designed to know the comparative study of working and non-working mothers on female student's social and academic adjustment in the schools which are existing in the south Punjab. The aim of the research was to investigate the understanding of students regarding working and non-working mothers and to delineate the relationship of working and non-working mothers result in a lack of social and academic adjustment at school or home. This a qualitative Study, In this study the data was given from the students of Girls School and college and University student.. It was assumed that Female students of working and non-working mothers differ in their social and academic adjustment. The Female students of private and government school differ in their social and academic adjustment. There is likely to be in interaction between classes of government and private female students having a place with working and non-working mothers. The current study was statistically proved that working mother affects the social and academic adjustment of the female students. There were significant differences found between working and non-working mothers belonging to female student's social and academic adjustment in government and private school. The supposed study found that working mothers have influence on female student's social and academic adjustment, which is lead to future disturbance in term of social and academic adjustment at school. The result revealed that consistency with study is broken and ha/she cannot maintain their study further. The attachment of the mothers at home with students is important. The most beneficial point was emerged from the current study, if girls will busy in the domestic activities at home then their social adjustment and academic adjustment would be not good in school or in society.
Female Athletes Experiences of Gender-Based Barriers in Sports in Pakistan
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Fatima, Mehak
This research study aimed to explore the gender-based barriers experienced by girls and women in sports in Pakistan. At the same time this to acquire a contemporary comprehension of barriers in Pakistani women in sports. Also investigate the sociocultural and socio-economic barriers that encounter in sports. And to explore the obstacles to the safety and harassment that girls face in sports in Pakistan. By conducting the in-depth interviews from 5 female athletes those are also students of University of the Punjab to explore gender-based barriers in sports. In short, gender was a key focus of this study. This thesis argues Girls and women reveal several gender-based barriers in sports, discussing and presenting sociocultural, socioeconomic and security barriers.
Understand the Creativity and Creative Leadership in School Principals
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Tariq, Sana
The main objective of the present research was to understanding of creativity and creative leadership in school principals. As school leaders are charged with the task of shaping learning communities it is important to understand the ways in which they approach this complex challenge. Using a phenomenological approach, seven principals in Jhelum independent schools were interviewed. Informed by research in the field, a theoretical model was designed to explore two elements of creativity: person and product. The participants shared their leadership experiences, highlighting particular creative traits they displayed in their leadership roles, the ways in which they approached challenges, the unique elements of their school communities and the contexts in which their leadership and creativity was exhibited. In regards to creativity the principals demonstrated a number of common traits. Some of these included: Status quo, commitment, optimism, efficacy, mobilizing the tensions and an ability to reflect. Risk taking, problem solving, achievement’s and mistakes and an ability to see the possibilities, programs and relationships were also evident. Linked with these skills was an astute understanding of place and time and an ability to creatively balance compliance, tradition and innovation. The findings of the research demonstrate dynamic links between change, leadership and creativity.
Impacts of Cyber Crime and their Implication for International Relationship
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Humayun Zeeshan
The advent of present day technology has propelled growth in globalization. Computers and the Internet have propelled improvement in the manner in which individuals work, cooperate and interface with each other. However, Computers and the Internet have indicated better approaches to battle conventional crimes, for example, burglary, misrepresentation and theft in the 21st century. These violations caused by the Internet are composed and advanced, which prompts what is presently called cybercrime. The research along these lines endeavoured to dissect the impacts of cybercrime, which has turned into a global issue. It likewise talked about the shortcomings and difficulties of existing laws and directions. While doing the research, the qualitative research design and secondary research was utilized. The research design concentrated on the utilization of secondary sources identified with cybercrime and mostly on secondary materials, for example, books, articles, journal articals and existing daily paper articles. The research found that the impacts of cybercrime were seen in territories, for example, economies, government, social conduct, market values, and national security of nations. The research suggested that with a specific end goal to indict culprits of cybercrime, a typical system be made to rebuff crooks paying little respect to where the wrongdoings were carried out. Albeit most nations have embraced cybercrime laws, an aggregate way to deal with handling the risk is required. The global network needs to return to the issue of authority as it has turned into a critical alliance in the battle against cybercrime.
Role of water controlling authorities of Lahore: Regarding water scarcity in Lahore city
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Muhammad Ayyaz Mahmood
Understanding Rituals and Their Socio-Economic Influences at Urs of Baba Farid
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Fareed, Qursam
Sufism is unique entrenched in Pakistan and India. The Sufis works for the religious conviction and the culture with meaning of harmony without dissimilarity of religious conviction, social order, or faith. It works as a commanding appeal aspect for the people to improve the inspiration of Sufism. Though, in Sub-continent, the thought of Urs carnival at the tombs of the Sufis has worked as a carnival. The emphasis of the study in pattern of Sufism has been on debating the lifetime practices and the knowledge of the Sufis, although, there is fewer devotion in the direction of socio - economic influences of Urs on the public. The study is tried to subsidize satisfying the cavity. Baba Farid is a well-known Sufi poet of Punjab and his Urs starts on 1st Muharram and end on 10 Muharram fascinate many of the believers at that place. Through this study researcher try to depict the socio-economic effects of Urs of Baba Farid on Pakpattan. Through the qualitative study and information gathered by using the research technique of conducting interview from the participants including administration of tomb, sellers also inhabitants and of guests in demand to get their opinions. The research decided that carnival of the saint Baba farid Festive worked as foremost cause of community dealings, community unity, and repo constructing, and sightseeing of the city. Besides, it has donated expressively in financial feature by creating straight returns for the city supervision, direct growth in business and encouraged influence due to improved financial renewal. In spite of major involvement of the occurrence in financial relations, however there is latent that can be oppressed with actual safety provisions, teaching local people concerning advertising their goods and creating the procedures for trade there easier and clear.
Appraisement Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) affecting University Students’ Performance
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Muhammad Adeel Irshad
Water is very important element in our lives. Water and the concept of sanitation and hygiene are serious concerns for health problems nowadays. More than 1.7 million children deceased due to poor water and sanitary conditions every year. Water and Sanitation Hygiene (WASH) provide such facilities which ensure the improved well-being particularly protection of human body from several diseases especially in youngsters. This study is designed to find out the basic knowledge of washroom usage, home based toilets, material for cleanliness, solid waste disposal, material for hand wash and general awareness among the students of Lahore Garrison University. For this reason, the variables i.e. basic knowledge about washroom usage, home based toilets, material for cleanliness, solid waste disposal, material for hand wash and general awareness has been made and evaluated thoroughly. The total population of the university is (8313), and sample size is selected with the help of G*Power (N = 420). The target audience is students from final semesters of four faculties of Lahore Garrison University. Stratified random and Finite Population Correction (FPC) technique is used for sampling. The study is based on correlational and comparative analysis. A questionnaire is filled by the respondents which was close-ended. Internal validity is measured and it was .8. The results communicated highly positive significant relationship between basic knowledge about washroom usage and general awareness. Similarly, positive strong relationship is found between solid waste disposal and material for cleanliness and general awareness respectively. The present empirical study is concluded positive correlation among basic knowledge about washroom usage, home based toilets, material for cleanliness and solid waste disposal. This study suggest that government should plan properly and manage WASH with effective policy. It is also advised for current governance to check the WASH practices at university level in the community on monthly basis. It is highly recommended after this study to educate the academia and launch such programs which spread the significance of health especially water and sanitation hygiene (WASH).
Women and Leadership in Higher Education: A Study of Public Sector Universities of Lahore
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Ahsan, Amber
Women have progressively pushed toward more prominent gender correspondence at home and in the work environment. However, women are still underrepresented in influential positions and still thought about an abnormality contrasted with men when in high places of administration particularly inside establishments of higher training. In looking at contrasts between how men and women lead, it is frequently less what they do than in the diverse experience they confront when they lead. The present study analyses those scenarios and identifies those elements that are actually hindering the way of working females. To conduct this study qualitative method was used by researcher. Respondents were selected via expert sampling technique with the combination of snow ball sampling. In-depth semi structure interviews were conducted with selected candidates. Epistemological approach was used while conducting this research; it was based on feelings, intuitions that researcher got from the respondent’s interview because it provide better understanding about the intensity of the phenomenon. The results revealed that working females, especially those females who are working in educational institutes and moreover working as leaders or on leadership pos they are facing hurdles from not only the society but also facing issues and obstacles from their colleagues and staff members.
Level of Ignorant Behavior among Breast Cancer Female Patients
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Fatima, Sana
Introduction: Breast carcinoma is the most prevalent malignancy among women in the world. Among Asian countries, Pakistan has highest prevalence of breast carcinoma. The breast cancer diagnosis in majority of the cases is delayed owing to numerous factors like ignorance, lack of knowledge regarding symptoms, females’ hesitancy to get examined themselves by a male health care provider, shyness to talk about problem with family members or spouse and poverty. The Pakistani women, particularly those living in rural areas mostly ignore this health problem and prefer to visit hakims (herbal medicine practitioners) tioners) or spiritual healers instead of allopathic doctors. Illiteracy, poverty, ignorance, disease stigma, lack of resources, poor access to hospitals and alternate use of medicine are the leading factor responsible for the delay in breast cancer diagnosis (Iqbal et al., 2010; Ayaz et al., 2016). Objectives: The objectives of the study are to assess the awareness of women regarding breast cancer and to know the reasons of ignorance about the disease. Methodology: It was experimental studyin which 100 women having breast canvcer of f Lahore were included. Systematic random sampling technique was used.Data was collected through questionnaire, which was entered in to computer using SPSS 20.0. Frequencies and percentages were calculated and data was presented in tables and figures. Chi-square test was used to find out association between categorical variables. Results: Among 100 women, 44.0% were 21-40 years old and 65.0% living in urban areas while 30.0% had done their graduation and above. Among the women, 76.0% were strongly agreed that poverty is a leading cause of ignorance and increases the prevalence of breast cancer among females,62.0 were strongly agreed that illiteracy is associated with breast cancer among females,56.0% were strongly agreed that hesitation in discussion with spouse or family members exacerbate the condition of breast cancer,57.0% women were strongly agreed that early detection and proper treatment play an important role in reducing morbidity and mortality among females of breast cancer and 65.0% were strongly agreed that women should self-examine to assess lump or swelling in the breast or in any other body area while 87.0% were strongly agreed that women should discuss their problem with family and qualified doctors should be visited instead of quacks. Among these women, 65.0% were strongly agreed that breast cancer is a silent killer and 71.0% were strongly agreed that breast cancer is associated with ignorance while 79.0% women were strongly agreed that religious and cultural values are responsible for ignorance among women regarding breast cancer.
Parental Accepted Transgender of Lahore; Support Mechanism and Challenges
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Azeem, Saba
Using gender-lens, this study seeks to explore the support practices employed by parents of transgender children. Furthermore, it highlights the challenges faced by parental accepted transgender (who live with their parents/family) in their lives with a particular focus in an academic and professional context. Transgender are usually the most neglected section of our society. Their neglect usually begins within the family by rejecting them and given to the transgender communities. In our traditional society like Pakistan, there are families who showed courage of accepting their transgender offspring so; it brings many challenges for the parents such as extended family pressure, encouraging their child to cope with dichotomy (male or female) of genders’ accepted academic environment and employment matters. These pressures will eventually reflect upon the transgender children welfare. This study intends to initiate the development of specific advocacy initiatives towards realization of equal citizenship and dignity for transgender individuals and community alike by highlighting the success of parental accepted transgender. The study was place within the theoretical framework of Parental Accepted Rejected (PAR) Theory by to (Rohner R. P., 2008). Qualitative research methodology using semi-structured interviews of 20 transgender of Lahore was employed through snowball sampling technique. All the selected participants of the study were professional degree holders like ACCA, CA, MBA, and MS Psychology etc. The key finding of the study confirms that parental support (moral, financial and emotional) encouraged them to be highly qualified and adopting a white collar jobs but societal rejection forced their parents to keep their identities concealed by introducing them either as males or females.
Unforgiving Scars; Exploring Issues of Stigmatization and Exclusion among Acid Attack Survivors
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Komal, Kiran
This research highlights the struggles, challenges and social issues of stigmatize women which are acid victims and survive with facial disability due to acid violence especially in rural areas of Pakistan. Study explore the actual reason and factors which are the cause of acid violence it address the involvement of patriarchal culture that how these victims survive after having facial disability how they face the behavior of their family and society as well.in this research qualitative research design was used, interview guide was develop on the basis of this guide six interviews from acid victim women were conducted. All respondent were from rural areas of Punjab. The social context of disability in rural society was gain through interaction with participant’s insider knowledge. The victims says that involvement of society and their culture in their lives is discouraging and negative especially in relation to employability, marriage and about to their justice. Victims shared their experiences and give suggestion for policy makers and governmental institutions as well that how they can save rest of their lives after their facial disability.
Understanding the Experiences of Displaced People of Naval Society
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Tahir, Habiba; Shaukat, Naveed
The impact of development induced displacement has been studied for three villages sher-da-mayal , khurd and kang gotta syeda by taking a sample size of 15. Education and health facilities have been identified as major persuading factors compelling people to displace from the place of origin whereas psychological, cultural and traditional practices are the factors that contribute most towards keeping people from displacing to other areas. Educated and skilled people have relatively better opportunities to settle down in urban, sub-urban areas and cities and they seem to be satisfied with their earnings and work. Uneducated people running small businesses such as grocery shops, tuck shop, general stores etc after displacement also consider themselves well off and are satisfied at the place where they were displaced. The benefits of the displacement have largely been enjoyed by the young and energetic people whereas the older people seemed to be unhappy due to fond memories and a nostalgic element with their native homes.
Dilemmas of the Pak-India Indus Water Settlement: The Effects of Ravi Water on the Domestic Life of Lahore Inhabitants
(University of Management & Technology, 2017) Nazirullah
The research study investigated that Indus water treaty, which was signed by Pakistan and India since 19 September, 1960. It has been create a lot of challenge for the habitants of Lahore in Pakistan. The purpose of the study was to know the dilemmas of the Indus water treaty, which ultimately effects Ravi water and then outcomes occurred on the domestic life of Lahore inhabitants. The study was involved on sequential explanatory method which is also called mixed methods. Because various challenge of the domestic lives were quantified and explored the contribution level of Governance in policy discourse of Indus water treaty and how to resolve problems for domestic life of Lahore inhabitants. Cluster Sampling and convenient sampling technique was used for sampling. The (752) sample were selected from old Lahore, new Lahore and old city of Lahore. The instrument was used for data collection and separate interview guide was prepared for collecting one Focus Group Discussion (FGDs) from the department of (WASA). Data was analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling and path analysis test was used as well as SPSS 21 version was used for multiple regression analysis. The results revealed that there were negative and positive association among dependent and independent variables. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that over all model was accounted for 98 percent of variance when the effects of awareness of Indus water treaty and awareness of Ravi water are eliminated then 56 percent change occurred in the satisfaction of domestic life of inhabitants. The role of mediator for hygienic attitudes and satisfaction with Indus water treaty was significant. In the same way, among satisfaction with Indus water treaty and attitude toward water utilization was non-significant mediator for satisfaction with domestic life. Besides, satisfaction with Indus water treaty and hygienic attitudes were proved a strong mediator for satisfaction with domestic life. The finding of the study reach to the conclusion that some project is carry on for the betterment of the clean drinking water, filtration pumps for drinking water, tube wells for domestic lives, waste material management in the different corners of the city, water sanitation system. Indus water treaty agreement was good decision for government but not for the citizen of Pakistan. The effect of this agreement is coming on the Ravi water because water level is decreased up to some extent. Many staff also found that water contamination is due to industrial zone of Pakistan and India. Compounding the problem could be the role of bad sanitation system of the cities, the sewage and sewerage system proactive involvement. Majority of staff concluded that attitude of the citizen toward water contamination is active. They wished that the inhabitants throw it waste materials in the dustbin to finish the environmental degradation.
Inheritance Issues of Single Female Child (Experiences of the Single Female Child)
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Maqbool Saba
The study has been investigated inheritance issues. Inheritance refers to the property of the father which transfers to the male or female child. Islam is defining inheritance in very moderate way. So, there is no definite definition of inheritance in Quran, but many scholars have different views. Sir Abdur Rahim stated that the transformation of obligation and rights from the dead person to his/her successor. But the current study is particularly exploring inheritance issues of single female child and their ancestor attitude to give them in proper manner. The main aim of the study was to explore experiences of single female child about their inheritance issues. Purely, qualitative and documentary data analysis technique was used in the research study. The universe of the study was Lahore. Different single female child inheritance issues were taken from court jury and lawyers. Total sample size of the respondent was nine (9). Three were religious scholars, three were single female child and three were lawyers. Each respondent was selected purposively. Data was collected through interview guide and Miles and Huberman, (1994, p. 12), Qualitative Data Analysis was used in the study. Thematic analysis was done and saturation point was mark for findings. Similarly, it was found that relatives are not transforming property to their single female child. Relatives of the single female child are taking their heritage through force. With the passage of time relatives converted land to their sons from single female child. It was concluded that the rules of Islam were good and it should be followed for single and female child in all the perspectives. If again people are not satisfied then Ijma and Ijtihad is best option to solve this problem. The reconmendation was put forwared to the policy makers that consultation of Quran is very right because the rights about women are defined very clearly and propoertionate of the inheritance (in case of a single female child) is described in full open way to the every society member.
Social Construction of Fatherhood
(University of Management and Technology, 2016) Zuhair Manzoor
The present study was conducted to find out the perception of fathers about their own state of fatherhood, how they construct their role as being father. The purpose of the present study was to explore Pakistanis fathers' perceptions about parental roles in the family, and how they define the new role of father. Fathers were interviewed about their beliefs regarding fatherhood, the roles of fathers and in the family, and fathers' involvement in their children's lives. 15 fathers interviewed who had been married for two years, 7 of these father's wives were employed, and 8 of these father's wives were housewives. The purposive sampling method used to take sample. This study used a qualitative methodology.
Role of social capital among women entrepreneurs
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Qura-tul-ain
While employing a gender lens, the current quantitative study aims to find the association of social capital and entrepreneurship among women in Pakistan. The study was conducted using a sample of 200 women who own beauty salon since one year from their homes and earn profit between PKR 8000 to PKR 12000 using non-random purposive sampling. Social Networking Index (SNI) and Entrepreneurial Attitude Orientation (EAO) were the data collection tools. The findings of the study revealed that social capital and entrepreneurship had significant positive correlation. Social capital also predicts the positive association between innovation, achievement and personal control. ANOVA was also conducted to find the difference in the means of variables.
Attachment, intimacy and relationship satisfaction among childless married men and women
(University of Management and Technology, 2017) Riaz, Maryam
The present investigation is carried to comprehend the connection between attachment, intimacy and relationship satisfaction among childless married men and women and to examine the impact of intimacy on relationship satisfaction as well as on attachment. Also to observe the impact of demographic variables on gender, marriage type and family system. Non-probability sampling technique was used for data collection purpose and data was collected from Lahore and Islamabad. The present study comprises of 53 (25 Male, 28 Female) married individuals who were treatment seeking couples (Naturally childless) age range between 20-35, whose duration of marriage was minimum 3 years, Measurement tools used for assessment were Adult Attachment Scale (Collins & Read 1990), PAIR (Schaefer & Olson, 1981) and Relationship Assessment Scale (Hendrick, 1988). Analysis revealed significant positive relationship between close attachment and perceived recreational intimacy, dependent attachment and expected emotional intimacy. Whereas negative correlation was found between dependent attachment and expected emotional intimacy and expected recreational intimacy, anxious attachment and perceived social intimacy and perceived recreational intimacy. Relationship satisfaction was not found to be associated with any variable. The current study have implications for physicians, psychiatrists, family counsellors and therapists in their treatment process
Perceived parenting styles, emotion regulation and goal orientation in adolescents
(University of Management and Technology, 2016) Khalid, Asma
Parenting style is considered as the most important variable for proper functioning of individuals in all areas of life. However, how one regulate emotions can also impact on his life.The current research was conducted to explore (a) the relationship among perceive parenting style, emotion regulation and goal orientation (b) assess the mediating role of emotion regulation (reappraisal and suppression) between perceived parenting style (mother and father) and goal orientation (mastery goal and performance goal) (c) explore the role of gender and birth order as distal variables. For that purpose correlational research design was used. Sample was consisted of 200 high school students with mean age of 16.34 (SD = 1.05) with equal gender representation. Convenient sampling technique was used to select schools while participants were selected using purposive sampling strategy. Pearson Product Moment correlation, Independent samplet-test and one way ANOVA were performed on SPSS, while for the exploration of mediation AMOS was used. Analysis revealed that authoritarian parenting style of father and permissive parenting style of both parents correlate with reappraisal. Authoritative parenting style of mother correlate with both dimensions of goal orientation.While authoritarian style of mother correlate with performance goal orientation. Mediation analysis indicated that father authoritarian significantly predicted reappraisal, father authoritativeness negatively predicted performance goal. Mother authoritativeness positively predicted performance and mastery goal. Furthermore, gender significantly predicted performance and mastery goal. While no mediational effect has been found in the present research. Role of gender and birth order was also explore which indicated that girls perceive their parents as authoritative and have goal orientation. But boys have the ability to suppress their emotions more than girls. While ANOVA revealed no differences on study variables on the basis of birth order.Parents, teachers, psychologist and school counsellors can utilize this study for bright future of students.

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