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Community driven development and a ladder of citizen participation

(UMT Lahore, 2025) Dil Aways Bibi

The research aims to analyze the participatory model of AKRSP and examine it though Arnstein ladder of citizen participation. The main purpose of the study is to explore how AKRSP ensures local community empowerment, inclusivity and contribute to sustainable development of GB. The research tried to explore the degree of citizen participation in the institution or governance structure of AKRSP and how it is different from governmental structure which differentiates institutional performance, accountability tools in institution and policy implementation at community level. The research relates to Arstein theory ladder of citizen participation, collaborative governance, and sustainable development goals especially when looking at the recent projects of AKRSP such as poverty relief, climate change, and institutional capacity building. The research opted qualitative research methodology and used case study approach. The data provided in the research is primary data collect through semi structured interviews in online mode and in in-person mode. Thematic analysis is used to understand the institution and codes are used to identify different themes and then drawn insights to understand the effectiveness of participatory model of AKRSP. After the data analysis the findings provided that in AKRPS the level of community engagement according to the ladder of participation is “citizen owned” and that AKRSP has played a vital role in mobilizing the local community, enhancing local capacity of GB and institutionalized LSOs, VOs and WOs as legitimate stakeholder in sustainable developmental initiative. However, the results also show the initial bureaucratic resistance which hindered the developmental issues in initial cases and minor cases of lack of community motivation in maintenances projects after completion. The results also reveal underutilization of youth capacity due to seasonal youth availability. It recommends policy shifts towards community driven institutional collaboration.

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Community driven development and a ladder of citizen participation

(UMT Lahore, 2025) Dil Aways Bibi

The research aims to analyze the participatory model of AKRSP and examine it though Arnstein ladder of citizen participation. The main purpose of the study is to explore how AKRSP ensures local community empowerment, inclusivity and contribute to sustainable development of GB. The research tried to explore the degree of citizen participation in the institution or governance structure of AKRSP and how it is different from governmental structure which differentiates institutional performance, accountability tools in institution and policy implementation at community level. The research relates to Arstein theory ladder of citizen participation, collaborative governance, and sustainable development goals especially when looking at the recent projects of AKRSP such as poverty relief, climate change, and institutional capacity building. The research opted qualitative research methodology and used case study approach. The data provided in the research is primary data collect through semi structured interviews in online mode and in in-person mode. Thematic analysis is used to understand the institution and codes are used to identify different themes and then drawn insights to understand the effectiveness of participatory model of AKRSP. After the data analysis the findings provided that in AKRPS the level of community engagement according to the ladder of participation is “citizen owned” and that AKRSP has played a vital role in mobilizing the local community, enhancing local capacity of GB and institutionalized LSOs, VOs and WOs as legitimate stakeholder in sustainable developmental initiative. However, the results also show the initial bureaucratic resistance which hindered the developmental issues in initial cases and minor cases of lack of community motivation in maintenances projects after completion. The results also reveal underutilization of youth capacity due to seasonal youth availability. It recommends policy shifts towards community driven institutional collaboration

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A study on analysing the administrative challenges in sahiwal jail

(UMT Lahore, 2025) RANA FAISAL IQBAL FAIQ

This research explores a very serious issue of Pakistan criminal justice system, judicialm delays which increase the population in jails with undertrial prisoners specially in Sahiwal jail which is the reason behind the issue of overcrowding. The courts show unnecessary delays in cases by which many undertrial prisoners spend a lot of time in jail. This is not just a legal issue but also an administrative crisis. As Sahiwal jail is the Asia’s one of the largest jails and have a prolonged history this is why Sahiwal jail is the main case study for this research and there is no proper focused research on this issue. The Sahiwal jail is divided into different sectors of Sahiwal division due to highrisk security prison, this jail is also packed and loaded with undertrial prisoners by which the jail administration has to face many challenges in their operations on daily basis. This study will use qualitative research method like interviews and try to understand that how judicial delays are affecting the jail system, and which reform can be helpful to reduce the burden. The goal of this research is not just to highlight the issue but also to provide practical solutions

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Exploring pro-environmental behaviors

(UMT Lahore, 2025) Aqsa Abbas

Climate change can be defined as changes in weather and temperatures on a long-term basis, brought about primarily by human activities like the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and overexploitation of natural resources. Climate change is amongst the most challenging issues the world is currently grappling with. As green issues grow in demands, the role played by personal responsibility, particularly by youth, becomes more important. University students, in turn, hold a very privileged position well-educated, socially engaged, and influential. However, still a gap appears to exist between their environmental awareness and real pro-environmental behaviors in their everyday life. This research explores the university student lifestyle in terms of their practices, attitudes, and awareness towards environmental sustainability. It seeks to determine what they know regarding pro-environmental behavior, how cultural, social, and family or religious values affect their practices, and what drives or inhibits them from adopting environmentally sustainable behavior. The research applies a qualitative approach founded on 14 in-depth interviews of students from varying school disciplines and backgrounds. The research found five major themes with the subthemes in each such as personal views and perceptions of pro-environmental behavior, environmentally friendly daily routines, social impact and education, motivational values, perceived barriers, and behavioral change intention. Students expressed an intention to adopt greener practices such as recycling, curbing the use of plastic, saving electricity and water, and spreading awareness among peers. Meanwhile, they also raised some of the challenges, including no proper infrastructure, no adequate recycling facilities, high cost, and the absence of proper environment education at their universities. This study concludes that large-scale environmental transformation is only possible through a bottom-up model where individuals first adopt habits at home like composting, wastage of food and water reduction, or using reusable items. These individual efforts can then be scaled up to the community level through organized initiatives like neighborhood recycling programs, rainwater harvesting, and green community initiatives. Universities can then support this drive by providing infrastructure, campaigns, and skill development programs. Last but not least, government agencies must join in by providing policy support, economic incentives, and public education in order to develop long-term transition towards sustainability. When individuals, communities, universities, and government agencies all join hands, real and sustainable environmental transformation is possible.

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Inter & intra city bus terminal, muzaffarabad

(UMT.Lahore, 2025) AHTIZAZ ARSHAD

The strengths and weaknesses of the Muzaffarabad transportation hub, as well as suggestions enhancing the hub's intra- and intercity urban transportation integration, are the subject of this thesis.The project proposal was to design a bus terminal which will be used by people who want to travel through buses. The project site is in Muzaffarabad. I chose Muzaffarabad because in Muzaffarabad usually we find bus adda for traveling (inter &intra). So, making a bus terminal will have a better impact to the city Muzaffarabad and facilitate the users. Project genre was infrastructure. I have enough site to develop my project in horizontal way. So, distributed into blocks like Terminal, Bus Parking area, Cafe, Cargo area building, Mosque and Rest Room building. I try to develop the terminal in the form of modern with HiTech architecture techniques. So, waiting area building is designed in way to be look into modernism and international standard facilities. The project reduced traffic problems and facilitating the peoples who travels through one city to another. The waiting area is design in such a way, so it does not suffocate. The people will get a better way of transport.

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