Qasar Saleem2025-09-042025-09-042023-09-22https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/6060Wastewater treatment and sensing are crucial activities in contemporary society, due to the increasing quantity of environmental contamination caused by human’s developed processes. With low energy requirements, cost-effectiveness, and high sensitivity, electrochemical and bioelectrochemical techniques have developed as novel options for wastewater treatment and sensing. The development of a low-cost, rapid, sensitive, portable, and selective sensing device capable of conducting multiplex detections is crucial. This research investigates the effectiveness of nanocomposites as model modifier components for enhancing electrochemical detection techniques using electrochemical sensorsen-USThesis