Muhammad Ibrahim GurmaniAyesha Abu BakarAzka MasoodAnam TariqNoor FatimaHaris Ahmad2025-09-202025-09-202025https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/6647The objective of our study was to evaluate utilization of echocardiography for early detection of left ventricular changes in CKD patients, enabling timely interventions, improving risk stratification, and enhancing overall management of kidney and cardiovascular health.enThesis