WAJAD ULFAT2025-09-042025-09-042024-07-30https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/6059Industries are the backbone of modern economies, driving innovation, generating employment opportunities and fostering economic growth but humanity is facing the crucial environmental issues due to industrial waste. The leather industry holds significant importance as it combines tradition and modernity, creating a wide range of products deeply woven into human history. Beyond providing luxury goods, it supports livelihoods for millions globally, from farmers to artisans. However, sustainability challenges necessitate its evolution towards environmentally conscious practices to ensure a harmonious balance between economic growth and ecological preservation. Tannery pollutants pose adverse environmental challenges due to their toxic chemical composition and potential for water and soil contamination. Improper disposal of tannery waste can lead to soil and water pollution, endangering both aquatic ecosystems and human health. Skin trimmings, fleshings, buffing dust and chrome shavings are present in the solid leather waste that contribute to environmental concerns due to their slow decomposition and potential for pollution.en-USThesis