Zainab Bintay Anis, Suman Naushad, Ayesha Talat Sheikh, Mubashira Sajid, Sumaira Hazoor, Eman Khakwani2025-10-172025-10-172019https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/9134Protein energy malnutrition is quite common in diabetics. It is related to lack of essential vitamins and minerals, inefficient glycemic control, which changes protein metabolism, insulin resistance and insulineopenia. For treatment of protein energy malnutrition in diabetic patients, alternative protein and energy sources that have maximumen-USThesis