MAHA RIAZ2025-11-192025-11-192025https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/10719This study investigates lexico semantic borrowing in Pakistani English novel Salt and Saffron by Kamila Shamsie. The study design is explanatory sequential and descriptive, it employs mixed method approach, combining quantitative frequency analysis and qualitative content analysis, the study examines the lexical borrowing patterns that includes frequency, grammaticalization, collocation, affixation, hybridization of the borrowed words and also how this lexico-semantic borrowing reflect local and cultural concepts. This is a corpus based study, Antconc is used both for quantitative and qualitative analysis. The borrowing theory and language contact theory is used as foundation for this research. As a sample a famous Pakistani English novel Salt and Saffron has been selected which is known for incorporating indigenous words, is analyzed using text analysis software. Focusing on the lexico-semantic borrowing the study aims to understand the influence of Urdu and other languages lexicons, their meanings in Pakistani English literature. The analysis reveals that the author had incorporated 147 Urdu and other languages borrowed words, from which the cultural and traditional words occurred frequently. The discussion emphasizes the lexical borrowing patterns, semantic domains and the role of borrowing in reflecting cultural and local concepts and the authenticity of Pakistani English literature. The findings demonstrate that these words are borrowed to fill lexical gaps and to maintain Pakistani cultural heritage, traditional richness, religious essence, local concepts and for linguistic enrichment. While the study acknowledges limitations in sample size and representativeness, it makes a pathway for future research directions for exploration. Overall, the study contributes to the understanding that lexico semantic borrowing functions as both a linguistic phenomenon and cultural necessity to maintain Pakistani traditions in English literary.enThesis