Anamta FatimaIfra MukhtarAlaiba MaqsoodAli InamAbdullah KhalidAbdullah Nazakat2026-05-222026-05-222025https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/19906Abdominal and flank pain are frequently caused by kidney and ureteric stones (urolithiasis), which are frequently linked to complications including hydronephrosis and hydroureter, which can seriously impair renal function if they are not identified and treated right once. Using computed tomography (CT) scans, this study sought to assess the radiological correlation between renal and ureteric calculi with hydronephrosis and hydroureter in individuals exhibiting symptoms suggestive of urinary tract blockage. Seventy-five patients at Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital in Lahore participated in a cross-sectional observational study. To determine the existence and severity of renal and ureteric calculi, as well as the presence of hydronephrosis and hydroureter, each participant had a CT scan. According to the findings, 74.7% of the patients had renal calculi, and 66.7% had ureteric calculi. Sixty percent of the cases had hydronephrosis, and thirty-four percent had hydroureters. The most prevalent grades of hydronephrosis were mild and mild-to moderate, but severe instances were less common. A substantial correlation between hydronephrosis and ureteric calculi was shown by statistical analysis using Chi-square tests (p = 0.046). This suggests that ureteric stones are a major source of obstruction of the urinary tract that results in hydronephrosis. Furthermore, a significant correlation (p = 0.004) was observed between bilateral renal calculi and higher grades of hydronephrosis, indicating that a heavier stone burden could lead to more severe blockage. There were no significant correlations found between hydronephrosis and either gender (p = 0.184) or renal calculi (p = 0.828), suggesting that these variables may not be directly related in this situation. These results demonstrate the value of CT scanning as a potent diagnostic technique for assessing calculi in the urinary system and related obstructive issues. Clinicians can prevent irreparable kidney damage and improve patient outcomes by using CT imaging to make an early and accurate diagnosis that can help them start the right medication or surgical therapies.enThesis