Khan, M.SomairArshad, AdnanHameed, ZarrarIslam, Waleed2017-10-102017-10-102016https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/2147Supervised by:Jamil AhmadThe idea of this project is extracted from E-Bike which was launched at Karachi. The rated power to drive this bike is 500W, using plug-in charging, and the bike can run for 3-4 hours in optimum manner. So the need is to increase the battery timing and to reduce the electricity cost for charging. The main theme of this project is regenerative braking system in which we utilize the back energy (when the motor works as a generator in 2nd and 4th quadrant and mathematically power becomes negative) of the motor to charge the battery. This project illustrates with full details how to implement such idea on hardware practically to drive the vehicle safely, economically and with negligible environmental effects. So in this idea we are using a Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC), Arduino microcontroller to produce variable duty cycle pulse width modulation PWM through up and down button to increase or decrease the speed with less loss and with very low price. This idea can be implemented through buck-boost convertor because back e.m.f voltages vary at different speeds and also to provide a constant voltage (12V) to the battery. With the combination of buck boost convertor and super capacitors (for quick charging) we can increase the working hours and overall efficiency of system (12%- 15%) which will extract a large amount of energy in less time and then supplies that energy to the battery. The proposal is basically for hybrid cars so that we can save the cost of fuel which is used when petrol engine comes into play at higher speed and charge the batteries. Secondly, batteries are not yet much advanced so as the car could run for larger distance on batteries itself.so, our main try is to increase the efficiency of battery working hours as well as the overall system is concerned.enE-BikeMagnet DC MotorBS EL.E THESISThesis